"The bond market rebels as it adjusts to the Federal Reserve\u2019s inflation policy"

" \n Treasury yields flared on Thursday as bond market players grappled with the Federal Reserve\u2019s willingness to allow inflation to heat up. \n \n\n \n The\u00a010-year Treasury yield\u00a0shot up from 1.64% late Wednesday to 1.75% Thursday, a 14-month high. It was at 1.706% in afternoon trading. \n \n\n \n The rise in yields \u2013 which move opposite to price \u2013\u00a0comes a day after\u00a0Fed Chairman Jerome Powell reassured the market that the central bank isn\u2019t ready to dial back its bond purchases and other supportive measures. \n \n\n \n While bond market pros say there was no development that kicked off the spike in yields on Thursday, the market\u2019s focus seems to have turned to the fact that the Fed plans to let inflation run hot. \n \n\n \n \u201cI think this is the bond market coming to terms with the fact that inflation might be happening and it might be coming because the Fed is assuring us they can live with inflation,\u201d Sonal Desai, chief investment officer at Franklin Templeton Fixed Income Group, told CNBC. \n \n\n \n A steeper yield curve \n \n\n \n The\u00a0run-up in interest rates,\u00a0for now, does not pose a risk for the economy. Strategists say the yield is still relatively low, particularly given the expectation for explosive economic growth this year. \n \n\n \n However, the move in yields overnight was especially large, even given the recent increase in the 10-year yield, which was at 1.07% six weeks ago. The benchmark 10-year is widely watched, as it influences mortgage rates and other consumer and business loans. \n \n\n \n The bond market barely moved Wednesday afternoon, after the Fed issued its 2 p.m. ET statement and after Powell briefed the media. \n \n\n \n Desai noted the effect of the market\u2019s reaction will be a steeper yield curve, which simply means a larger spread between yields of different maturities, like the 2-year Treasury notes versus the 10-year. \n \n\n \n A steeper curve is often seen as a positive sign for growth, while a flattening curve can be a warning. \n \n\n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n \n Ralph Axel, U.S. rates strategist at Bank of America, said the\u00a0market on Wednesday was responding\u00a0to one part of the Fed\u2019s statement, which sent a mixed message. \n \n\n \n \u201cThe first message that sort of surprised people was that \u2018we don\u2019t believe in hikes in 2023,\u2019\u201d he said. \u201cI think that was where the initial focus was, and I think that kept the dampening down on the initial reaction.\u201d \n \n\n \n The second message was the Fed was going to hold rates down, let the economy run hot and allow inflation to increase, to help recover lost jobs, Axel said. \n \n\n \n Interpreting the Fed\u2019s message on inflation \n \n\n \n The market was directly responding to the Fed\u2019s policy of allowing inflation to now run in an average range around its 2% target. \n \n\n \n \u201cThe market is grappling with what does that [average inflation targeting] mean in practice,\u201d Axel said. \u201cWe\u2019re coming to understand it means higher growth and higher inflation in the longer run, which means higher interest rates.\u201d \n \n\n \n \u201cWhen the Fed used to get a whiff of inflation pressure, the Fed would start tightening in on that,\u201d he added. They would cut off the recoveries a little early.\u201d \n \n\n \n The idea was to prevent periods of booms and busts by cutting off the potential for deeper recessions as well. However, the Fed is now facing an economy that could boom, and with very high economic growth could come inflation, Bank of America\u2019s Axel said. \n \n\n \n Second quarter growth is expected to be over 9%, according to the CNBC\/Moody\u2019s Analytics Rapid Update. \n \n\n \n Inflation is still low, with the core consumer price index, excluding food and energy, at annual rate of 1.3% in February. However, starting this month inflation levels could tick up due to the base effect from last year\u2019s big decline in prices during the economic shutdown. \n \n\n \n The market has been challenging the Fed by pricing in rate hikes for 2023. Meanwhile, the central bank\u2019s collective forecast, called the dot plot, shows no consensus for a rate hike through 2023. \n \n\n \n Managing Treasury supply \n \n\n \n Tony Crescenzi, portfolio manager and market strategist at Pimco, said the market is also pricing in the fact that the Treasury will have to issue a lot of supply to pay for fiscal stimulus, given the most recent $1.9 trillion package and prior pandemic programs. \n \n\n \n \u201cA lot of what\u2019s happened in the pricing in of Treasury supply and the ability of market participants to absorb that supply, and this inflation fear,\u201d he said. \u201cPart of it could be a head fake, but no one really knows so market participants have to price in the possibility that inflation could accelerate beyond what is expected.\u201d \n \n\n \n Market expectations are for inflation to average about 2.30% over the next 10 years. \n \n\n \n \u201cSo long as the overall financial conditions remain conducive towards a strengthening in economic activity, then the Fed need not worry about the rise in interest rates to this point,\u201d Crescenzi said. \n \n\n \n Choppiness in the stock market as yields rise \n \n\n \n So far, the stock market has reacted to the rate rise with choppy moves up and down. On Thursday, stocks were lower after Wednesday\u2019s rally, and the tech-heavy Nasdaq Composite was particularly hard hit. \n \n\n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n \n \u201cI wouldn\u2019t be shocked if we had a bigger pullback in the stock market if this thing [10-year yield] goes to 2% quickly,\u201d said James Paulsen, chief investment strategist at The Leuthold Group. \n \n\n \n He said the stock market would be concerned if the pace of the interest rate move remains rapid, but if it is able to adjust to the increases gradually it would not be a problem. \n \n\n \n \u201cIf you\u2019re going to have a year where rates go up, it couldn\u2019t be a better year,\u201d Paulsen said, noting economic growth could be 8%. \u201cI think it\u2019s a pretty good year for this to happen to the economy and stock market. Their vulnerability isn\u2019t nearly as great as they could be further down the road.\u201d \n \n\n \n Paulsen expects the 10-year yield to reach 2% by year end. \n \n\n \n Crescenzi said since the level of the 10-year yield is partly based on inflation expectations, it has had to adjust to the Fed\u2019s use of the average target range, instead of a set target. \n \n\n \n \u201cBy indicating it will delay its rate hike until inflation picks up and employment goes back to maximum employment, the anchor for inflation expectations is not as strong,\u201d he said, \u201cThat\u2019s what\u2019s letting the inflation component in the rise in yields become unleashed, to an extent.\u201d \n \n\n \n Crescenzi said the dovishness of the Fed Wednesday may be a sign of a new view from the central bank. \n \n\n \n \u201cIt does seem to suggest the Fed is taking a more holistic view of financial conditions, as Powell pointed out by citing the financial conditions as a whole, instead of honing in on yields by themselves,\u201d he said. \n "

"The bond market rebels as it adjusts to the Federal Reserve\u2019s inflation policy"

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