Africa’s Climate Finance Gap: Ofori-Atta calls for $277bn annual funding to fulfill climate commitments
In a resounding call to action, Ghana’s Minister for Finance, Ken Ofori-Atta, delivered a stark message to the global financial community during a high-profile event at the 78th United Nations General Assembly. With the climate crisis looming large over Africa, Mr. Ofori-Atta emphasized the urgent need for a profound transformation in financial strategies to combat the pressing environmental challenges gripping the continent.
Africa, a region uniquely vulnerable to the impacts of climate change, finds itself at a crossroads, grappling with the dual challenge of environmental degradation and the imperative of sustainable development. Minister Ofori-Atta’s address underscored the harsh realities faced by the continent, with climate change costs estimated to exact a staggering toll, ranging between 5 percent and 15 percent of its per capita GDP annually.
The ramifications of this crisis extend well beyond the environmental sphere. An alarming 278 million people on the continent are afflicted by chronic hunger, while 250 million reside in regions besieged by acute water stress. Against this backdrop of adversity, Africa’s potential in the clean and renewable energy sector remains promising, offering a glimmer of hope for a sustainable future.
However, a glaring obstacle looms large on the path to progress: climate finance. Africa’s ambition to fulfill its Nationally Determined Contributions by 2030 necessitates a colossal annual financial infusion of $277 billion. In stark contrast, the current annual climate flows to the continent languish at a meager $30 billion, a mere fraction of what is required to address the impending crisis.
Minister Ofori-Atta further underscored the unsettling statistic that nearly 55 percent of Africa’s climate finance arrives in the form of debt, with the private sector contributing a paltry 14 percent, a trifling 3 percent of which is allocated toward adaptation finance.
The clarion call to action delivered by Mr. Ofori-Atta hinges on two critical imperatives. Firstly, he urged wealthier nations to honor their commitment of $100 billion per year in climate finance. Regrettably, only a minority of nations have thus far met their fair share commitments, leaving Africa in dire need of substantial additional support.
Secondly, the minister stressed the imperative of shifting the funding paradigm. With mounting debt levels and escalating borrowing costs, Africa’s climate action must pivot toward equity investments and concessional financing. This necessitates the infusion of substantial, dependable, and tailored flows of conditional finance. A lamentable fact remains that Africa’s share of global green bond issuances, estimated at $600 billion, stands at less than 1 percent, further exacerbating the continent’s access to climate financing.
In his impassioned address, Mr. Ofori-Atta highlighted the urgent need for specialized vehicles to facilitate climate finance and bolster domestic capacity. Such initiatives would empower African nations to attract climate financing at a scale commensurate with the monumental challenges at hand.
Additionally, the minister underscored the pivotal role of carbon markets. When meticulously designed and effectively integrated, carbon markets can direct private finance toward ventures that are both profitable and sustainable. This approach, which bridges the chasm between environmental goals and financial interests, has the potential to attract a broader spectrum of participants and investments, while simultaneously addressing multiple Sustainable Development Goals.
Lastly, Mr. Ofori-Atta endorsed the Nairobi Declaration, advocating for a global carbon taxation framework and the implementation of a carbon tax on fossil fuel trade, maritime transport, and aviation. This groundbreaking initiative promises to unlock dedicated and affordable finance for climate-positive investments at scale, with a steadfast commitment to directing these resources toward the betterment of Africa and its climate action objectives.
Minister Ken Ofori-Atta’s impassioned plea resonated loudly at the United Nations General Assembly, calling for a global financial reformation to avert the climate crisis that has Africa firmly in its grip. The stark realities presented by the minister underscore the urgency of action and collaboration in securing a sustainable future for the continent and the world at large.